Lung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation is a surgical procedure in which a patient's diseased lungs are partially or totally replaced by lungs which come from a donor. Donor lungs can be retrieved from a living donor or a deceased donor. A living donor can only donate one lung lobe. With some lung diseases a recipient may only need to receive a single lung. With other lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (a disease which is very rare in Malaysia), it is imperative that a recipient receives two lungs. While lung transplants carry certain associated risks, they can also extend life expectancy and enhance the quality of life for end-stage pulmonary patients ...

A pleural biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of the pleura (the membrane that surrounds the lungs) is removed with a special biopsy needle ...

Pleuroscopy or medical thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows access to the pleural space using a combination of viewing and working instruments ...

Interstitial lung disease describes a large group of disorders most of which cause progressive scarring of the lung tissue which is irreversible. The scarring of lung tissue will affects your ability to breathe and get enough oxygen into your blood. The scarring of the lung can be caused by long-term exposure to hazardous materials like asbestos and it can also be part of systemic illness like connective tissue disease but in most cases the causes remain unknown ...

Introduction Pulmonary vascular diseases are a group of disease that affect the blood vessels along the route between the heart and lungs Causes Pulmonary embolism A pulmonary embolism happens when the blood flow through the lung's artery is blocked suddenly. This is caused by a blood clot that has dislodged ...

Introduction Haemoptysis is the coughing of blood originating from the lungs. The blood can appear as flecks, streaks or can be massive in amount. Haemoptysis can be caused by many things but it is important to make sure that the blood is really from the lungs and not from other ...

Introduction Pleural cavity diseases affect the thin membrane, called the pleura that wraps around the lung and lines the inside of the chest wall. Between the layers of tissue is a very thin space called the pleural space. Normally this space is filled with a small amount of fluid—about 4 ...

Introduction What is sleep related disordered breathing or sleep apnea? If you snore, you may have sleep related disordered breathing which is also known as sleep apnea or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). There are 2 terms when discussing sleep related disordered breathing. The first is apnea which refers to the ...

Introduction What is Pulmonary Rehabilitation? Pulmonary rehabilitation, also called pulmonary rehab or PR, is abroad program that helps improve the well-being of people who have chronic (ongoing) breathing problems. For example, PR may benefit people who have COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, or cystic fibrosis. PR ...

What Is Asthma? Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. During an asthmatic attack, a patient may experience wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe), chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. The coughing often occurs at night or early in the morning. Asthma can ...

Introduction The lungs is an organ containing millions of alveoli which is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Pneumonia is the inflammation or infection in the lungs. This happens when the alveoli are filled up with inflammatory cells. As a result, gas exchange is compromised. Penumonia is ...

An objective method to diagnose asthma Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness and narrowing. The aim of asthma treatment is to treat the two key components of asthma, i.e. airway inflammation and airway narrowing. Progress in science and medical technology has seen the evolution of ...

Introduction and epidemiology Respiratory disease ranks as the most common cause of medical consultation and the fourth leading cause of hospital admission. COPD is a condition characterised by persistent airflow obstruction which is slowly progressive. It can also present with features of airway hyper reactivity. It is a common cause ...