Radiation

I-124 dosimetry is a smart approach to assess the optimal Iodine 131 (I-131) dose to the Differentiated Thyroid Disease (DTC) patients. This assessment normally apply to the patient received I-131 more than 7.4 GBq. In principle, I-124 has the same characteristicwith I-131, but have good advantage in tumor imaging. I-124 is a radionuclide substance that is used to see the location of thyroid tumors in patients body.

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PET-CT (Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography) is a modern nuclear imaging technique that is useful to investigate functional imaging related to the cancer disease. The thyroid, bones, heart, liver and many other organs can be easily imaged, and disorders in their function revealed by using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical.

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Introduction In the past 45 years I have been working in palm oil plantation as a contractor worker. As a worker in an estate, I apply fertilize to the oil palm trees, spray pesticides and crop the oil palm fruits. I am a 60 years old married man living with …

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Introduction Radiotherapy uses radiation such as x-rays, gamma rays, electron beams or protons to kill or damage cancer cells and stop them from growing and multiplying. It is a localized treatment, which means it generally only affects the part of the body where the radiation is directed. The radiotherapy treatment …

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Introduction Medical imaging has led to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of many medical conditions in children and adults. There are many types – or modalities – of medical imaging procedures that are used on children, each of which uses different technologies and techniques. Computed Tomography (CT), fluoroscopy, and …

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Introduction Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive diagnostic test of measuring biochemical changes from the brain, especially the presence of tumors. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identifies the anatomical location of a tumor, MRS compares the chemical composition of normal brain tissue with abnormal tumor tissue. Tissue changes into …

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Introduction Personal Dosimeter has been used in various field that deals with ionizing radiation. It is one of requirement for personal that working with ionizing radiation for personal radiation monitoring. Nowadays variety of personal dosimeter that promising high detection sensitivity to get high accuracy of personal dose. Personal dosimeter can …

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Introduction Lead protective apparel for x-ray shielding such as lead aprons, thyroid shield, gonad shield and gauntlets is an example for personnel protective equipment. The purpose is to keep occupational exposures to radiation within the appropriate limits and as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). The lead is leaded impregnated vinyl …

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Introduction In medicine, imaging refers to the method used to view internal organs or structures within the body. There are several modalities used for imaging such as X-ray, CT Scan (computed tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and ultrasound machines. Ultrasound was first applied to the human body for medical purposes …

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Introduction Figure 1: PET-CT machine (Source: http://www.radiology-equipment.com/Detail.CFM?LineItemID=1638) PET (Positron Emission Tomography) is an art imaging techniques used in the detection of metabolically active organ or tissues inside body. The concept of emission and transmission tomography was introduced by David E. Kuhl, Luke Chapman and Roy Edwards in the late 1950s. …

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