Monitoring of Complications   Introduction Monofilament examination is used to assess high risk foot for diabetes foot ulcers. It is to assess pressure sensation perception. It is reliable in screening for patients at risk of foot ulceration because sensitivity is a more important parameter [1]. Monofilament examination is inexpensive and …

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Monitoring of Complications   Introduction Foot examination is part of an integral management of diabetes. Foot problems may develop after more than 10 years of diabetes duration. Diabetes foot ulcers develop secondary to chronic ischaemia (insufficient blood supply to the foot) due to microvascular (small vessels) and macrovascular (large vessels) …

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Monitoring of Complications   Introduction The eye is an important organ that allows vision. Retina is part of the eye that consists of a number of cells and normal vision depends on intact-cell communication among them. Diabetes and chronic exposure to hyperglycaemia (high glucose in the blood) damages all the …

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Monitoring of Complications   Introduction Renal profile is a test to assess kidney health. It is useful to measure kidney function. Renal profile gives information on levels of creatinine, sodium, calcium, chloride, blood urea and potassium. Some laboratory calculates glomerular filtration rate too. Kidney plays an important role in maintaining …

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Monitoring of Complications   Introduction Lipid profile or lipid panel is a measurement of different types of cholesterol and level of triglyceride in the blood. It is a collective term given to the estimation of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-L), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-L) cholesterol and triglyceride. An extended lipid …

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Monitoring of Complications   Introduction Proteinuria means the presence of protein in the urine. The most common kind of proteinuria is characterised by the presence of albumin in the urine. Normally the kidneys will prevent protein from being excreted into the urine. In circumstances where the blood protein is high, …

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Fact or Myth?   Is Fruit A Sugar? Yes, the main component in fruits is carbohydrate or also known as sugar. Almost all of the calories from fruit are derived from sucrose,which is a simple carbohydrate or simple sugar. Fruit, as any other carbohydrate may raise blood glucose if taken …

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Fact or Myth?   What is Sugar? (source : Blog Yan) Sugar is also known as simple carbohydrate. Most of the energy that our body need comes from carbohydrate. It can be separated into two types based on its chemical structure and that is simple and complex carbohydrate. Many people …

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Acute Complications of Diabetes   1. What is Hyperglycaemia? People without diabetes have blood sugar levels between 4.0 to 6.0mmol/L most of the time. It is not possible for someone with diabetes to always have the blood sugar in the normal range (ideal level). High blood sugar is called hyperglycaemia. …

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Introduction Containers and utensils are cookwares designed for use in cooking food. Examples of cookwares : woks, pots and pans bakewares microwave safe containers steamers ladles, spoons. Ideally, cookwares should be made of an inert substance that DOES NOT ; peel, chip, crack, craze, vaporise, dissolve, OR harbour bacteria. In …

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