Middle ear effusion is the accumulation of fluid behind the eardrum.

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A solitary pulmonary nodule is a single abnormality in the lung that is smaller than 3 cm in diameter

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Unilateral Hearing Loss: The Facts This condition is also known as single-sided hearing loss, in which one side of the ear is normal. It could be in the range of mild to profound loss. The unilateral hearing loss could be caused by infections, inter-uterine infections (from mother to the fetus), …

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What is heredity hearing loss? Heredity hearing loss is a condition where a hearing loss is inherited or passed down from parents to their children. The hearing problem is either syndromic or non-syndromic. Syndromic hearing loss is when the hearing loss is related to other medical condition a person might …

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Childbirth or delivery is the process that occurs at the end of pregnancy with the expulsion of a foetus, its membranes and placenta from the mother’s uterus. It usually starts with regular continuous contraction causing the opening of cervical os. The process of normal childbirth is categorised into the three …

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Postnatal period is the time occurring after birth until the genital tract and uterus have returned to normal. It starts from the expulsion of the placenta (the third phase of childbirth) until the last 42 days, also known as the period of confinement. Some hormonal changes during the postnatal period …

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Why is screening for chromosomal anomalies needed? The vast majority of pregnancies result in the delivery of a healthy baby, however a small percentage may have problems affecting the baby’s development. One of the causes for these problems included chromosomal anomalies. Chromosomal anomalies are diseases or syndromes that develop as …

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Screening for Thalassemia Thalassaemia is the most common genetic disorder in the world, with around 250 million people, 4.5 percent of the world population, affected by the fatal disease. As 2010, Malaysia registered 4,768 people as Thalassaemic which required regular blood transfusion. And 5% of its population are carrier. Thalassemia …

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Rationale Neural tube defects (NTDs) are major birth defect due to improper closure of embryonic neural tube that leads to major defect in brain and spine. The commonest neural tube defect is anencephaly (underdeveloped brain and incomplete skull) and spina bifida (incomplete closure of spinal cord). It is estimated that …

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Colorectal cancer occurs in the colon or rectum. Colon is the large bowel while rectum is the passageway between the colon and the anus.

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