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Eyes ( +28 )

Itchy Eyes
Itchy eyes are a common ocular symptom. This symptom can be associated with eye redness, frequent eye rubbing, lid swelling, photophobia and blurred vision. The commonest causes of eye itchiness are allergic conjunctivitis, blepharitis and dry eye. Allergic conjunctivitis is an ocular surface allergic reaction towards an irritant substance called ...
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High Myopia
Myopia is an eye condition where image can be seen clearly at near but blur at distance or in other words, people with myopia or nearsightedness have difficulty seeing distant objects but can clearly see objects that are near. Myopia or nearsightedness affects a significant number of people. But this ...
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Age Related Macula Degeneration
Macula is a small area in the retina that is most sensitive and important for good vision and colour vision. Healthy macula allows you to thread a needle, read small prints, and read street signs ...
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Pterygium
A pterygium is a benign or noncancerous growth that develops on the conjunctiva or mucous membrane that covers the white part of your eye. It is usually triangular in shape. In some cases, a pterygium can extend to the cornea (the clear part of your eye that covers your iris ...
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Eyelid Malposition
Many conditions can impact the position of the eyelid relative to the eyeball. These malpositions can cause reduced vision as the eyelid may block vision or it may cause irritates the eye surface due to increased exposure and dryness. TYPE There are four basic eyelid malpositions: Drooping of upper eyelid ...
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Ptosis
Ptosis is drooping of the upper eyelid. The lid may droop only slightly, or it may even cover the pupil entirely. In some cases, ptosis can restrict or even block normal vision. Ptosis may affect one  or both eyes. Causes Ptosis occurs when the muscles (levator and superior tarsal muscles) ...
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Corneal Ulcer
Cornea is a transparent dome, which covers the outermost layer of the eye. Its function is to refract light into the retina. Cornea ulcer or infective keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea secondary to infection. It is a serious eye disease because it can lead to permanent vision loss ...
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Dry Eyes
Dry eye is a condition in which there are insufficient tears to lubricate and nourish the eye. Tears are necessary for maintaining the health of the front surface of the eye and for providing clear vision. People with dry eyes either do not produce enough tears or have a poor ...
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Tired Eyes And Headaches
Introduction  Tired eyes and headaches are common symptoms and annoying conditions which may be associated with eye problems such as: Accommodation and convergence dysfunction Refractive error Excessive computer use Optic nerve diseases such as Glaucoma and Papiloedema What Is Accommodation And Convergence? Crystalline lens helps the eye to produce a ...
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Eye Laser Treatment
The effect of lasers on ocular tissues can be the following: Thermal effects Photo-disruptive effects Photo-ablative effects An argon laser is a thermal laser. The laser energy is absorbed by the target tissue and is converted to heat and the tissue is coagulated, giving rise to charred rough edges. A ...
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Laser Refractive Surgery
Clear vision is the result of light rays passing through the cornea, pupil and lens and focusing directly upon the retina. Sometimes light rays focus either in front of or behind the retina. This results in 'refractive errors' such as near-sightedness (myopia), far-sightedness (hyperopia), astigmatism. These conditions cause blurred vision ...
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Low Vision
Low vision is a condition where reduced level of vision vision and/or visual fields constricted and cannot be fully corrected by either medical and/or surgical treatment, using glasses or contact lenses in both eyes. Unlike a person who is blind, a person with low vision has some useful sight. However, ...
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Foreign Body
Cases of foreign bodies in the eyes are quite commonly seen. In most cases, the foreign bodies are found under the eyelid or on top of the cornea where they can be easily removed. However, foreign body can enter the eyeball through perforating wound following penetrating eye injury. Foreign bodies ...
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Stye
The eyelid margin contains small oil-producing glands that help to lubricate the surface of the eyeball and eye lashes that help to trap dust from entering the eye. Stye or external hordeolum is an acute small staphylococcal abscess of eyelash follicle. On the other hand, retention of oil due to ...
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Painful Red Eyes
Painful red eye usually indicates severe eye problem that need immediate medical attention, as some conditions may cause permanent blindness if treatment is delayed. Common and important causes of painful red eye include corneal ulcer, acute glaucoma and uveitis. 1. Corneal ulcer The cornea is the central, outermost layer of ...
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Painful Non Red Eyes
Nearly everyone has eye pain or sore eyes at some point in life. Eye pain may be something that resolves on its own. But it also can be a sign of something more serious. Eye pain can originate from many different places within the eye, orbit (the bony eye socket), ...
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Non Painful Red Eyes
Introduction There are numerous conditions which can cause painless eye redness and discomfort. As mentioned under other topics, any eye condition that associated with pain, or blurring of vision, warrants an immediate medical attention. Few common conditions that give rise to non painful red eyes include conjunctivitis, subconjunctiva haemorrhage, pterygium, ...
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Watery Eyes
Introduction Excessive tearing can be caused by two basic mechanisms, overproduction of tears or blockage of tear drainage system of the eye. Sometimes a combination of the two can coexist. The tears are produced by lacrimal gland located lateral aspect of the eye. Tears drain away from the eye through ...
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Photophobia
Introduction Photophobia (light sensitivity) is defined as fear to light. There is excessive sensitivity to light, thus people with photophobia try to avoid sunlight or well-lit places. Patients may develop photophobia as a result of different medical conditions, related to the eye or the nervous system. Causes Photophobia is common ...
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Blurring of Vision
Introduction The eye is a very complex organ, with many important parts. To work properly and provide normal vision, every part of the eye must be normal and healthy. Blurring of vision can come about from any disturbance in the pathway of light from the front of the eye (cornea) ...
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Eye Injury
Introduction Eye injury is a common hospital casualty referral. It can result from fight, fall, and chemical exposure, foreign body at work or road traffic accident. It is important for the public and general practitioner to differentiate blunt eye injury from perforating eye injury. The latter may leave the eye ...
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Retina Detachment
Introduction The retina is a thin sheet of light sensitive nerve tissue lining the inside of the eye. When the retina detachment occurs, the retina is lifted from its normal position. If not treated early, retinal detachment can cause permanent vision loss. Photograph showing retinal detachment with tear Diagram showing ...
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Refractive Errors
Introduction The human eye works in a manner very similar to that of a camera. In order to see clearly, objects that we are looking at must be properly focused on the retina. This is acheived through the convergent power of the cornea and lens. When images are not properly ...
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Conjunctivitis
Introduction Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane that lines the white of the eyeball. The most common cause of conjunctivitis is a bacterial or viral infection. Other causes include seasonal allergies and reactions to eye medications. Photograph of eye with viral conjunctivitis (eye redness with tearing) ...
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GLAUCOMA

Glaucoma Filtration Surgery (Trabeculectomy)
Glaucoma is a complicated disease in which damage to the optic nerve leads to progressive, irreversible vision loss. It is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness. Glaucoma is usually treated with eye drops and or lasers. Most cases can be controlled well with these treatments, thereby preventing further loss ...
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Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a disease of the eye that causes damage to the optic nerve. The optic nerve is the pathway that carries the images we see to the brain. The disease can destroy the optic nerve leading to blindness, if left untreated. Glaucoma is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is estimated that 4.5 million person globally are blind due to glaucoma. This number will rise to 11.2 million by 2020. Blindness due to glaucoma is irreversible ...
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CATARACT

Cataract Surgery
Cataract is a condition whereby the clear lens became cloudy. It is like a frosted window, which makes the view outside the window becomes hazy. Unfortunately, there is no medications, eyedrop, exercise or glasses that can cure cataract. The definative treatment for cataract is surgery. The original lens will be ...
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Cataract
A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye. It can be compared to a window that is partly covered with dirt. Cataract development is a normal process of aging, but cataracts also develop from eye injuries, certain diseases or medications. Cataract is a major cause ...
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SQUINT

Squint Surgery
Squint or strabismus refers to a misalignment of the eyes. It is also known as crossed eyes, characterized by eyes that do not look towards an object together. Eyes may cross, or one may look in another direction. This may occur all the time or only during certain period example ...
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Squint
Squint (also known as strabismus) is an imbalance of eye muscles that cause one or both eyes to be out of alignment. It can occur at birth, during childhood and/or later in adulthood. Squint that develops in adulthood is frequently a result of an underlying vascular disease such as diabetes ...
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